{"topic":{"id":13574,"title":"使用 Windows mingw-w64 工具链编译 Dandelion 的正确姿势","slug":"topic","categoryId":56,"createdAt":"2024-09-25 14:05:31.106103","bumpedAt":"2024-09-27 20:01:14.265347","views":283,"postsCount":6,"highestPostNumber":6,"likeCount":7,"closed":false,"pinned":false,"pinnedGlobally":false,"pinnedAt":null,"pinnedUntil":null,"isBanner":false,"excerpt":"如果你因为某些问题不想安装微软的 Visual Studio，但又必须要在 Windows 实体机上构建 Dandelion（Windows 应该是大多数人常用的系统），可以参考这篇教程，使用正确姿势搭建环境，避免出现奇怪问题。使用 Visual Studio 构建的几个好处：安装时是图形化界面，较直接，一下子就安装好了原生编译器，减少 Windows 系统下可能出现的问题。依赖库检测操作系统不会出错，减少出错概率编译速度比较快…","deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"category":{"id":56,"name":"计算机图形学","slug":"cg","color":"92278F"},"author":{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo","avatarUrl":"/uploads/image/1b/b9/1bb9ee525a8016277f4b08894f35ed820aed66de8a33260a2988097d811cb5a7.avif"},"tags":[]},"posts":[{"id":40688,"postNumber":1,"raw":"如果你因为某些问题不想安装微软的 Visual Studio，但又必须要在 Windows 实体机上构建 Dandelion（Windows 应该是大多数人常用的系统），可以参考这篇教程，使用正确姿势搭建环境，避免出现奇怪问题。\n\n- 使用 Visual Studio 构建的几个好处：\n - 安装时是图形化界面，较直接，一下子就安装好了\n - 原生编译器，减少 Windows 系统下可能出现的问题。依赖库检测操作系统不会出错，减少出错概率\n - 编译速度比较快\n- 使用 mingw-w64 构建的几个好处：\n - 大概比 Visual Studio 占用硬盘少一些，而且是便携软件，方便安装和迁移\n - 与现代 Linux 系统的编译器、命令等一致，有助于学习 Linux\n - 是自由软件，不和微软的 Visual Studio 绑定\n\n首先，要获取最新的 mingw-w64 工具链 (GCC14 / Clang18)。推荐的方式是使用 [msys2](https://www.msys2.org/)，**不可以**使用诸如 Dev-C++ 或 Code::Blocks 里面自带的编译器，那些软件太老了，编译器版本太老，一定会遇到问题。获取步骤如下\n\n- 访问 [msys2 官网](https://www.msys2.org/)，点击 `Download the installer: msys2-x86_64-xxxx.exe` 下载最新安装包\n- 按照官网的教程安装到某磁盘根目录下\n- 打开 msys2 终端，推荐采用 [clang64 环境](https://www.msys2.org/docs/environments/)\n - 简单说，该环境采用 clang 编译器编译 windows 原生程序，打开的终端是 bash，这是一个类似 Linux 的环境，cmd/PowerShell 不能直接访问\n- 在环境中安装一些需要的软件包\n - 运行 `pacman -S git` 安装 git\n - 运行 `pacboy -S toolchain:p` 安装 clang 工具链\n - 运行 `pacboy -S cmake:p ninja:p` 安装构建工具 CMake 和 ninja，其中 ninja 和 make 功能相同，可替换为 make\n\n其次，再使用 `git clone` 下载 dandelion 代码，checkout 到 `v1.1.0` 版本（或静态库对应的版本），并参考文档将静态库放置好，因为我们用的是 clang，静态库也要选择带 clang 的版本。\n\n最后，参照 Linux 版本构建过程使用 cmake 构建，应该不需要其他操作。没有意外的话，应该可以编译成功。\n\n关于如何使用 VS Code 调试 Clang64 环境编译的程序，以及如何添加 Clang64 环境终端，网上有很多教程，不再赘述。例如 [CodeLLDB 扩展](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=vadimcn.vscode-lldb)","cooked":"

如果你因为某些问题不想安装微软的 Visual Studio，但又必须要在 Windows 实体机上构建 Dandelion（Windows 应该是大多数人常用的系统），可以参考这篇教程，使用正确姿势搭建环境，避免出现奇怪问题。

使用 Visual Studio 构建的几个好处：\n
- 安装时是图形化界面，较直接，一下子就安装好了
- 原生编译器，减少 Windows 系统下可能出现的问题。依赖库检测操作系统不会出错，减少出错概率
- 编译速度比较快
\n
使用 mingw-w64 构建的几个好处：\n
- 大概比 Visual Studio 占用硬盘少一些，而且是便携软件，方便安装和迁移
- 与现代 Linux 系统的编译器、命令等一致，有助于学习 Linux
- 是自由软件，不和微软的 Visual Studio 绑定
\n

首先，要获取最新的 mingw-w64 工具链 (GCC14 / Clang18)。推荐的方式是使用 msys2，不可以使用诸如 Dev-C++ 或 Code::Blocks 里面自带的编译器，那些软件太老了，编译器版本太老，一定会遇到问题。获取步骤如下

访问 msys2 官网，点击 Download the installer: msys2-x86_64-xxxx.exe 下载最新安装包
按照官网的教程安装到某磁盘根目录下
打开 msys2 终端，推荐采用 clang64 环境\n
- 简单说，该环境采用 clang 编译器编译 windows 原生程序，打开的终端是 bash，这是一个类似 Linux 的环境，cmd/PowerShell 不能直接访问
\n
在环境中安装一些需要的软件包\n
- 运行 pacman -S git 安装 git
- 运行 pacboy -S toolchain:p 安装 clang 工具链
- 运行 pacboy -S cmake:p ninja:p 安装构建工具 CMake 和 ninja，其中 ninja 和 make 功能相同，可替换为 make
\n

其次，再使用 git clone 下载 dandelion 代码，checkout 到 v1.1.0 版本（或静态库对应的版本），并参考文档将静态库放置好，因为我们用的是 clang，静态库也要选择带 clang 的版本。

最后，参照 Linux 版本构建过程使用 cmake 构建，应该不需要其他操作。没有意外的话，应该可以编译成功。

关于如何使用 VS Code 调试 Clang64 环境编译的程序，以及如何添加 Clang64 环境终端，网上有很多教程，不再赘述。例如 CodeLLDB 扩展

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-25 14:05:31.382703","updatedAt":"2024-09-25 14:24:45.264588","replyToPostNumber":null,"replyCount":0,"likeCount":3,"wordCount":638,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[{"reaction":"❤️","count":3,"users":[{"id":1177,"username":"cymiki","name":"cymiki"},{"id":3319,"username":"zyfan42","name":"K3v1N"},{"id":4668,"username":"IO","name":null}],"hasReacted":false}],"wiki":false,"version":2,"publicVersion":2,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo","avatarUrl":"/uploads/image/1b/b9/1bb9ee525a8016277f4b08894f35ed820aed66de8a33260a2988097d811cb5a7.avif","admin":false,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":null,"signatureCooked":null}},{"id":40690,"postNumber":2,"raw":"\n非常好教程 [spoiler]，垃圾 Windows🐶都不用，OS 我只用 ArchLinux！[/spoiler]\n\n[spoiler] Edit：草，忘了匿名了 [/spoiler]\n\n[spoiler] Edit：草，这个地方怎么没法用匿名回复 [/spoiler]","cooked":"

非常好教程，垃圾 Windows🐶都不用，OS 我只用 ArchLinux！

Edit：草，忘了匿名了

Edit：草，这个地方怎么没法用匿名回复

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-25 14:26:49.747339","updatedAt":"2024-12-22 15:08:41.121799","replyToPostNumber":null,"replyCount":1,"likeCount":3,"wordCount":45,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[{"reaction":"🤣️","count":1,"users":[{"id":30,"username":"一只玉米人","name":"玉米🌽"}],"hasReacted":false},{"reaction":"😍️","count":1,"users":[{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo"}],"hasReacted":false},{"reaction":"❤️","count":2,"users":[{"id":30,"username":"一只玉米人","name":"玉米🌽"},{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo"}],"hasReacted":false}],"wiki":false,"version":1,"publicVersion":1,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":4668,"username":"IO","name":null,"avatarUrl":"/uploads/image/86/f2/86f267c0aaa73835a999b7cc3a7e7a701605574eda9a2c2a56f5ddbbba64d1a9.avif","admin":true,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":"","signatureCooked":null}},{"id":40693,"postNumber":3,"raw":"∵ msys2 的包管理器是 pacman\n∵ Arch linux 的包管理器是 pacman\n∴ ~~msys2 就是 Arch linux :face_with_open_mouth:~~","cooked":"

∵ msys2 的包管理器是 pacman
\n∵ Arch linux 的包管理器是 pacman
\n∴ ~~msys2 就是 Arch linux 😮~~

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-25 14:34:45.34255","updatedAt":"2024-09-25 14:34:45.34255","replyToPostNumber":2,"replyCount":0,"likeCount":1,"wordCount":26,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[{"reaction":"❤️","count":1,"users":[{"id":4668,"username":"IO","name":null}],"hasReacted":false}],"wiki":false,"version":1,"publicVersion":1,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo","avatarUrl":"/uploads/image/1b/b9/1bb9ee525a8016277f4b08894f35ed820aed66de8a33260a2988097d811cb5a7.avif","admin":false,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":null,"signatureCooked":null}},{"id":40792,"postNumber":4,"raw":"但目前未提供 GCC 编译的 `dandelion-ray`与`dandelion-bvh` 静态库 :thinking:","cooked":"

但目前未提供 GCC 编译的 dandelion-ray与dandelion-bvh 静态库 🤔

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-27 08:16:38.636795","updatedAt":"2024-09-27 08:16:38.636795","replyToPostNumber":null,"replyCount":1,"likeCount":0,"wordCount":17,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[],"wiki":false,"version":1,"publicVersion":1,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":6153,"username":"omshin","name":null,"avatarUrl":null,"admin":false,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":null,"signatureCooked":null}},{"id":40796,"postNumber":5,"raw":"标有\"ucrt\"的静态库就是 gcc 的，只不过因为 msys2 的环境叫 ucrt，就这样叫了","cooked":"

标有\"ucrt\"的静态库就是 gcc 的，只不过因为 msys2 的环境叫 ucrt，就这样叫了

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-27 09:20:22.266558","updatedAt":"2024-09-27 09:20:22.266558","replyToPostNumber":4,"replyCount":1,"likeCount":0,"wordCount":28,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[],"wiki":false,"version":1,"publicVersion":1,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":1557,"username":"geezmo","name":"geezmo","avatarUrl":"/uploads/image/1b/b9/1bb9ee525a8016277f4b08894f35ed820aed66de8a33260a2988097d811cb5a7.avif","admin":false,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":null,"signatureCooked":null}},{"id":40823,"postNumber":6,"raw":"学习了","cooked":"

学习了

\n","createdAt":"2024-09-27 20:01:14.265347","updatedAt":"2024-09-27 20:01:14.265347","replyToPostNumber":5,"replyCount":0,"likeCount":0,"wordCount":3,"liked":false,"bookmarked":false,"polls":[],"reactions":[],"wiki":false,"version":1,"publicVersion":1,"deletedAt":null,"isAnonymous":false,"user":{"id":6153,"username":"omshin","name":null,"avatarUrl":null,"admin":false,"moderator":false,"signatureRaw":null,"signatureCooked":null}}],"hasMore":false,"lastReadPostNumber":2,"hasUrlPostNumber":true}